ASTM A182 F91 Martensitic Creep-Resistant SteelForging Metallurgy & Specs
9Cr-1Mo-V Creep-Strength Enhanced Ferritic Steel for Ultra-Supercritical Power Piping. Hot-forged and precision-machined in Rajkot, Gujarat strictly up to 50 kg max piece weight with 100% Optical Emission Spectrometry (OES) PMI testing and EN 10204 3.1 MTC compliance.
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ASTM A182 F91 Martensitic Creep-Resistant Steel (UNS K90901 / 1.4903 / X10CrMoVNb9-1 / Grade 91) offers a minimum tensile strength of 585 – 760 MPa (85 – 110 ksi) and yield strength of 415 MPa min (60 ksi) with 190 – 248 HBW hardness. Manufactured by Jayesh Forge in Rajkot, Gujarat strictly up to 50 kg per piece, this alloy features Outstanding resistance to high-temperature steam oxidation. Tested per ASTM A388 Level II ultrasonic standards with EN 10204 3.1 MTC inspection.
ASTM A182 F91 Martensitic Creep-Resistant Steel Chemical Analysis (% by Weight)
| Element | Chemical Symbol | Minimum (%) | Maximum (%) | Specification Role |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Carbon | C | 0.08% | 0.12% | Controls base tensile strength & core hardness |
| Manganese | Mn | 0.30% | 0.60% | Combines with sulfur, increases hardenability and hot workability |
| Phosphorus | P | — | 0.02% | Restricted to prevent temper embrittlement |
| Sulfur | S | — | 0.01% | Strictly controlled for cleaner grain flow and micro-cleanliness |
| Silicon | Si | 0.20% | 0.50% | Deoxidizer during melting; improves high-temperature scaling resistance |
| Chromium | Cr | 8.00% | 9.50% | Forms passive chromium oxide layer for oxidation & corrosion resistance |
| Molybdenum | Mo | 0.85% | 1.05% | Prevents chloride pitting and enhances high-temperature creep strength |
| Vanadium | V | 0.18% | 0.25% | Grain refiner; precipitates secondary carbonitrides for creep strength |
| Niobium | Nb | 0.06% | 0.10% | Stabilizes against intergranular weld-decay corrosion |
| Nitrogen | N | 0.03% | 0.07% | Austenite stabilizer; increases yield strength and PREN pitting number |
* Ladle chemical analysis verified using optical emission spectrometer (OES) calibrated to NIST certified reference materials. Full chemical results recorded on EN 10204 3.1 MTC.
ASTM A182 F91 Martensitic Creep-Resistant Steel Mechanical Properties
Ultimate breaking stress threshold
Elastic deformation limit
Plastic ductility before rupture
Surface indentation resistance
Cross-sectional necking ductile ratio
Dynamic fracture energy absorption
Thermal Cycle & Machining Parameters
1150°C – 920°C
Normalized at 1040°C – 1080°C, cooled in air; tempered at 730°C – 780°C to produce fully tempered martensitic structure
Outstanding resistance to high-temperature steam oxidation
Machinability: 48% of AISI 1212 • Requires tight temperature control: 200°C min preheat, controlled interpass (max 300°C), and mandatory PWHT at 750°C – 770°C
International Equivalent Material Grades
Forged Components Manufactured in A182 F91
Supercritical Steam Piping Flanges
Class 900# to 2500# weld neck flanges for ultra-supercritical turbine connections.
A182 F91 Frequently Asked Technical Questions
Grade F91 relies on finely dispersed vanadium and niobium carbonitrides [V(C,N) and Nb(C,N)] within a tempered martensite matrix. Improper PWHT or under-tempering creates brittle untempered martensite, leading to premature creep rupture or Type IV cracking.
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